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📋 Movie Information
| Title | Stripped |
|---|---|
| Original Title | Stripped |
| Release Date | 01 Apr 2014 |
| Runtime | 71 minutes |
| Genres | Dokumenter |
| Director | Dave Kellett |
| Country | United States of America |
| Rating | ⭐ 7.1 ( 22 votes) |
| Status | Released |
